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N20.0
ICD-10-CM
Kidney Stone

Find comprehensive information on kidney stone diagnosis, including renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, ICD-10 codes (N20.0, N20.1, N20.8, N20.9), medical coding guidelines, clinical documentation improvement (CDI) best practices, and healthcare provider resources. Learn about symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options for kidney stones. This resource offers guidance for accurate diagnosis coding and complete clinical documentation for optimal patient care and reimbursement.

Also known as

Renal Calculus
Nephrolithiasis
Urolithiasis

Diagnosis Snapshot

Key Facts
  • Definition : Hard deposits forming in the kidneys, often causing severe pain.
  • Clinical Signs : Flank pain, blood in urine, nausea, vomiting, frequent urination.
  • Common Settings : Emergency room, urology clinic, primary care office.

Related ICD-10 Code Ranges

Complete code families applicable to AAPC N20.0 Coding
N20-N23

Calculus of kidney and ureter

Covers kidney and ureter stones, including unspecified.

N17-N19

Acute and chronic kidney disease

May be relevant if kidney stones cause kidney disease.

R33

Retention of urine

Relates to urinary retention that a kidney stone might cause.

Code-Specific Guidance

Decision Tree for

Follow this step-by-step guide to choose the correct ICD-10 code.

Is the kidney stone obstructing the urinary tract?

  • Yes

    Right kidney?

  • No

    Right kidney?

Code Comparison

Related Codes Comparison

When to use each related code

Description
Kidney stone
Renal colic
Ureteral obstruction

Documentation Best Practices

Documentation Checklist
  • Kidney stone diagnosis documentation checklist
  • ICD-10 code N20.0, N20.1, N20.8, N20.9 documentation
  • Document stone size, location, and type
  • Document symptoms: pain, hematuria, nausea
  • Imaging study results: CT, ultrasound, KUB
  • Treatment plan: observation, lithotripsy, surgery

Coding and Audit Risks

Common Risks
  • Laterality Coding Errors

    Missing or incorrect laterality (right, left, bilateral) for kidney stone diagnosis and procedures can lead to claim denials and inaccurate data.

  • Hydronephrosis Coding

    Incorrectly coding associated hydronephrosis as the primary diagnosis instead of the kidney stone, impacting reimbursement and quality metrics.

  • Stone Size Specificity

    Lack of documentation specifying stone size (e.g., <5mm, >2cm) can hinder accurate coding, impacting statistical analysis and future treatment.

Mitigation Tips

Best Practices
  • Accurate ICD-10 coding (N75.X) for kidney stone type improves reimbursement.
  • Detailed HPI documentation supports medical necessity for imaging & procedures.
  • Query physicians for stone laterality (left/right) & size for CDI, HCC capture.
  • Standardized documentation templates aid compliance, reduce audit risk for renal calculi.
  • Regular CDI reviews ensure proper coding, prevent denials for lithotripsy, etc.

Clinical Decision Support

Checklist
  • Verify sudden severe flank pain location, radiating to groin or abdomen.
  • Confirm hematuria via urinalysis, check for microscopic or gross blood.
  • Assess for nausea, vomiting, and urinary urgency symptoms.
  • Check for history of stones, family history, and dietary factors.

Reimbursement and Quality Metrics

Impact Summary
  • Kidney Stone reimbursement hinges on accurate coding (N70.0-N70.9, N72.0-N72.9) and reporting for optimal payer contracts.
  • Quality metrics impacted: Pain management, unplanned readmissions, and patient satisfaction scores influence value-based reimbursement.
  • Coding accuracy for lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, or other procedures (50080, 52352-52356) directly impacts revenue integrity.
  • Timely and specific documentation of stone size, location, and treatment modality is crucial for appropriate reimbursement levels.

Streamline Your Medical Coding

Let S10.AI help you select the most accurate ICD-10 codes. Our AI-powered assistant ensures compliance and reduces coding errors.

Quick Tips

Practical Coding Tips
  • Code stone type/size
  • Document stone location
  • Laterality is key
  • Check for obstruction
  • Confirm diagnosis method

Documentation Templates

Patient presents with complaints consistent with renal colic, including sudden onset of severe flank pain radiating to the groin, hematuria, nausea, and vomiting.  Pain described as sharp, intermittent, and debilitating.  Differential diagnosis includes nephrolithiasis, ureterolithiasis, pyelonephritis, urinary tract infection, appendicitis, and other abdominal emergencies.  Physical examination reveals costovertebral angle tenderness.  Urinalysis demonstrates microscopic hematuria.  Kidney stone symptoms, kidney stone pain, and kidney stone treatment were discussed with the patient.  Imaging studies, including a non-contrast CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis, were ordered to confirm the diagnosis of kidney stones and assess stone size, location (e.g., renal pelvis, ureter), and degree of obstruction.  Patient history includes hypertension, controlled with medication.  No known allergies.  Current medications include lisinopril.  The patient is being managed conservatively with pain medication (e.g., ibuprofen, ketorolac) for renal colic pain management, increased fluid intake to promote stone passage, and antiemetics to address nausea.  Patient education provided on kidney stone prevention strategies, including dietary modifications and hydration.  Follow-up scheduled to monitor stone passage and assess need for further intervention, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy, or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), if the stone does not pass spontaneously.  Medical coding will reflect the specific diagnosis, procedures performed, and level of service provided.  ICD-10 codes for kidney stones (e.g., N20.0, N20.1) and CPT codes for diagnostic and treatment procedures will be documented appropriately for billing purposes.