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S10.AI
ICD-10-CM · S42.90XAGeneralSystemic

Humeral Fracture

Find information on humeral fracture diagnosis, including ICD-10 codes (S42), clinical documentation improvement tips, and healthcare resources. Learn about proximal humerus fractures, distal humerus fractures, and humeral shaft fractures. Explore treatment options, recovery timelines, and medical coding guidelines for accurate billing and documentation. This resource provides essential information for physicians, coders, and healthcare professionals dealing with humerus fracture cases.

Also known as
Upper Arm FractureProximal Humerus FractureHumeral Shaft Fracture
Definition

Break in the humerus bone of the upper arm.

Clinical signs

Pain, swelling, bruising, deformity, limited arm movement.

Common settings

Falls, trauma, sports injuries, osteoporosis.

Related Codes

ICD-10 Code Families

Complete code families applicable to S42.90XA

S42.2-
Fracture of upper end of humerus
S42.3-
Fracture of shaft of humerus
S42.4-
Fracture of lower end of humerus
S42.7-
Multiple fractures of humerus
Code Comparison

When to use each related code

DescriptionWhen to use
Humeral FractureBreak in the humerus bone. Use for all fractures of upper arm, specify location if known.
Proximal Humerus FxFracture at the top of humerus near shoulder. Include greater/lesser tuberosity fractures.
Humeral Shaft FractureFracture in mid-section of humerus, away from shoulder and elbow joints.
Documentation

Best-practice checklist

  • Humeral fracture diagnosis code (ICD-10)
  • Laterality (right/left humerus)
  • Fracture location (anatomical site)
  • Fracture type (e.g., displaced, open)
  • Associated injuries documented
Coding & Audit Risks

Common pitfalls to avoid

Laterality Documentation

Missing or unclear documentation of right, left, or bilateral humeral fracture impacts accurate coding and reimbursement.

Fracture Type Specificity

Incomplete documentation of fracture type (e.g., spiral, comminuted, transverse) leads to unspecified coding and potential claims denials.

Associated Injury Coding

Failure to code associated injuries (e.g., nerve damage, vascular compromise) with the humeral fracture understates severity and impacts DRG assignment.

Mitigation

Best-practice tips

  • 01Document fracture type, location, displacement for accurate ICD-10 coding (S42).
  • 02Ensure CDI captures laterality, mechanism of injury, and associated soft tissue damage.
  • 03Query physician for clarification if documentation lacks detail for proper CPT coding (23600-23690).
  • 04Regularly audit charts for coding accuracy and compliance with payer guidelines for humerus fractures.
  • 05Educate physicians on documentation best practices for humeral fracture diagnosis and treatment.
Clinical Decision Support

Step-by-step checklist

  1. 1

    Verify mechanism of injury documented (fall, trauma)

  2. 2

    Physical exam: Assess pain, deformity, ROM

  3. 3

    Imaging: X-ray humerus AP, lateral and oblique views

  4. 4

    Document neurovascular status pre and post reduction

Documentation Template

Ready-to-paste narrative

Patient presents with complaints of right shoulder pain and limited range of motion following a fall onto an outstretched hand.  Onset of pain was acute and coincident with the fall.  Patient reports severe pain localized to the right upper arm with associated swelling and ecchymosis.  Mechanism of injury is consistent with a humeral fracture.  Physical examination reveals tenderness to palpation along the humeral shaft.  Crepitus is palpable.  Neurovascular examination of the right upper extremity demonstrates intact radial, ulnar, and median nerve function with palpable radial and ulnar pulses.  Deformity of the right humerus is clinically evident.  Radiographic imaging of the right humerus was ordered and confirms a closed, displaced midshaft humeral fracture.  Differential diagnosis includes shoulder dislocation, proximal humerus fracture, and rotator cuff tear.  Diagnosis of closed, displaced midshaft humeral fracture was made based on patient history, physical exam findings, and radiographic confirmation.  Treatment plan includes closed reduction and immobilization with a coaptation splint followed by referral to orthopedics for definitive management.  Patient education provided regarding pain management, activity modification, and follow-up care.  Patient understands the diagnosis and treatment plan.  ICD-10 code S42.201A assigned for displaced fracture of shaft of right humerus, initial encounter.  Return to clinic scheduled in one week for follow-up evaluation and reassessment.

Clinical accuracy: This information is provided for documentation and coding guidance and should not replace professional medical judgment.

Coding standard: ICD-10-CM, current FY guidelines.